Dement and Kleitman

AIMS: 

• association between REM/Non-REM and dreaming
• positive correlation between subjective duration of dream and duration of REM
• REM is associated with dream context

METHOD:

• Controlled lab experiment (sleep lab)
• also correlation

PARTICIPANTS:

• 7 males and 2 females (5 studied intensely)
• self select, ALL avoided coffee/alcohol throughout
• given time to get used to environment
• BUT REAL SAMPLE IS 351 AWAKENINGS (5.7 per night)

DESIGN:

• 1st Aim: Repeated measures, IV = REM or Non-Rem, DV = dreaming?
• 2nd Aim: Repeated measures, IV= duration of REM (5/15 minutes) DV = can they guess time?

PROCEDURE:

• tested individually, reported a little before bed time, asked to follow normal daily routines
• slept with electrodes attached to EEG/EOG
• 1st Aim: Some pp were woken up randomly, some 3 times in REM then 3 times in Non-REM, each time woken up by a doorbell, stated if they'd been dreaming into tape recorder
• 2nd Aim: Same procedure but woken up 5 or 15 minutes into REM, asked if they'd been dreaming and how long for?
• 3rd Aim: used EOG readings for 4 eye movements (vertical, horizontal, both, no movement), woken up and asked what they were dreaming about

RESULTS:

• each pp. had distinct dreaming/sleep patterns, average REM = 20 minutes which occured every 90 minutes. 
• If woken up in non-REM would quickly go back to sleep, if in REM wouldn't return to REM
• 1st Aim: in REM 152/191 dreams were recalled whereas in non-REM only 11/160 recalled, the…