Defining the Hallmarks of Cancer

The hallmarks of cancer are a set of characteristics that define the biological properties of cancer cells. These hallmarks were first proposed by Douglas Hanahan and Robert Weinberg in 2000 and have since been updated to include additional characteristics. The hallmarks of cancer are as follows:

1. Sustained proliferative signaling: Cancer cells have the ability to grow and divide uncontrollably, even in the absence of external signals that would normally regulate cell growth.

2. Evading growth suppressors: Cancer cells can evade the normal mechanisms that prevent excessive cell growth, such as tumor suppressor genes.

3. Resisting cell death:…