On the vesicle membrane - synaptobrevin
On the presynaptic membrane - SNAP-25 // Syntaxin
- The fusion is driven by a calcium sensing protein on the vesicle called synaptotagmin.
1. A syntaxin and SNAP-25 complex attaches to synaptobrevin, forming a loose interaction (the C2B domain of synaptotagmin is also bound)
2. Ca2+ causes the SNARes to twist together and the C2 domains penetrate the membrane, catalysed by synaptotagmin. A core complex is created.
3. The vesicle is drawn very close to the membrane, forming a hemifusion intermediate.
4. The plasma pore that has been formed expands father, and the vesicle becomes continuous with the membrane.
- Tetanus and botulinum toxin are proteases that target SNARE protein
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