The formation of a protein

Primary structure;

• two amino acids join in a condensation reaction to form a dipeptide with a peptide bond forming between the two subunits.
• This process is repeated to form polypeptide chains.
• A protein is made up of 1 or more of these polypeptide chains.
• The sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chains is known as the primary structure.

Secondry structure;

• A chain of amino acids may twist to form an alpha helix with hydrogen bonds forming between the c-o and NH stabilising the shape.

Tertiary structure;

• A polypeptide chains bends and folds to produce a precise 3D shape. Chemical bonds and hydrophobic interactions between R groups maintain the tertiary shape.

Quaternary structure;

• Only proteins made up of more than 1 polypeptide chain have a quaternary structure.