B1 - Cells

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Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Prokaryotes: 0.2 - 8 mincrometres. Cells with no nucleus or special organelles, eg - bacteria.

Eukaryote: 10 - 100 mincrometres. Cells with a nucleus or other special orgnelles, eg - all animal and plant cells.

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Structure of a Prokaryote

Image result for prokaryote diagram (http://ib.bioninja.com.au/_Media/prokaryote-labelled_med.jpeg)Cytoplasm - the chemical within a cell used for reactions to take place

Capsule - contains slime and prevents dehydration

Chromosome - naked DNA

Pilus - tube used to swap plasmids and share genes

Flangellum - small tail used to swim

Plasmid - small ring of DNA

Cell Membrane - controls entrance and exit into the cell

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Animal Cells

Image result for animal cell diagram gcse

To Learn:

Nucleus - contains the DNA, controls what proteins the cell makes and makes ribosomes

Mitochondria - site of anaerobic respiration which releases energy to the cells

Cytoplasm - a watery substance which provides a place for chemical reactions to occur in the cell

Cell Membrane - Holds cell together and controls what goes in and out of the cell

Ribosomes - used for protein synthesis and reads RNA to put together proteins from amino acids

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Plant Cells

Image result for animal cell diagram gcseAlso has: ribosomes, nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria

Chloroplast - is filled with chlorophyll and moves around the cell to absorb the maximum amount of sunlight for photosynthesis

Cell Wall - made rigid around the cell to support the plants structure (made of cellulose)

Vacuole - a permenant large bag filled with cell sap surrounded by a membrane which exerts pressure on the cell wall

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