States of matter

-SOLID;

• Fixed state
• No flow
• Fixed volume 
• Density much higher than a gas 

-LIQUID;

• Can flow
• Fits a container shape 
• Fixed volume 
• Density much higher than a gas 

-GAS;

• Can flow 
• Fills a container 
• Volume can be changed 
• Low density compared with a liquid or solid 

-A substance can change from one state to another;

• Solid ->  Sublimation -> Gas 
• Solid -> Melting -> Liquid 
• Liquid -> Vapourisation or boiling -> Gas 
• Gas -> Condensation -> Liquid/Solid 
• Liquid -> Solidifying or freezing -> Solid 

Red=Heating

Blue=Cooling 

-Solids, liquids and gases consists of particles 

-When the temperature of the substance is increased, the particles move faster 

-The particles in a solid are held next to each other in a fixed position. They vibrate about their fixed position so the solid keeps its own shape 

-The particles in a liquid are in contact with each other. They move about random, so a liquid doesn't have its own shape and it can flow 

-The particles in a gas move about at random much faster. They are, on average, much further apart from each other than in a liquid. So the density of a gas is much less than that of a solid or liquid 

-The particles in a solid, liquid and gas have different amounts of energy. The particles in a gas have the most energy and the particles in a solid have the least energy.