Microbes Information on microbes and microbe research 2.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? BiologyMicrobes and diseaseGCSEAQA Created by: Marianne BradleyCreated on: 16-05-09 08:59 Researchers Spallanzi- Spontaneous generation did not occur 2 flasks both boiled to sterilise them: one open and one sealed Microbes grew in the open one but not the sealed one Schwann Sterilised air through red-hot tubes or bubbling it throguh sulfuric acid Oxygen levels stayed the same but when bubbled through boiled broth, nothing grew If normal air was used, microbes grew - proving there were microbes in the air Pasteur Used swan necked flasks in a similar experiment Broke the neck of one off Microbes grew in the flask without the swan neck 1 of 7 Microbes Types of microbe Fungi Bacteria Viruses Single-celled organisms Aseptic techniqe reduces the amount of contamination 2 of 7 Yeast Yeast - a single celled organism used in baking and brewing Fermentation- asexual reproduction - budding! Ethanol and Carbon dioxide produced with anaerobic respiration Used in the making of beer and wine: brewing 3 of 7 Beer and Wine making Beer Starch in barley grains broken down into a sugary solution by enzymes in the germinating grains: process called MALTING Sugary solution then FERMENTED Hops are added to give extra flavour Wine Same process as above BUT the sugars in the grapes provide an energy source for the yeast Different grapes and time of fermentation give different flavours to the wine 4 of 7 Yoghurt production A starter culture of bacteria is added to warm milk Bacteria ferment the lactose in the milk - this produces lactic acid The acid clots and solidifies the milk, turning it into yoghurt Other benefits of the production of lactic acid: -It prevents the growth of other bacteria -It gives the yoghurt a tangy flavour 5 of 7 An industrial fermenter Stirrer Keeps the microbes in suspension Keeps the temperature even (No hot spots) Water jacket Removes excess heat prodcued during respiration Stops the enzymes and microbes from denaturing Probes Monitor the Ph and temperature Air supply Provides oxygen for respiration Stream of bubbles helps to mix the solution 6 of 7 Other uses of microbes Microbes Food source - Fusarium - Mycoprotein Antibiotics e.g penicillin from penicillium: produced where nutrients are scarce because it produced penicillin to detroy other bacteria Fuels BIOGAS from the fermentation of sewage BIOFUELS from sugar cane and ethanol 7 of 7
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