History - Western Front

Trenches

• Periscopes
• Firesteps
• Machiene Guns
• No Man's Land
• Steel Helmets (more deaths)
• Water, Mud, Rats, Lice, Slugs
• Trenchfoot
• Shell Shock
• Starvation (ate rats)
• Zig zag trenches to stop enemy shooting too far down
• Dug outs for shelter

• 60,000 British casulties on first day
• 750 men sent over, and 691 casulties
• 500,000 German casulties by end of battle
• 420,000 British casulties by end of battle
• 200,000 French casulties by end of battle
• 1 July - 18 November 1916
• 25-mile front

Defending -   His men were thoroughly prepared

His army thought he was excellent

The battle started off well

His method's were normal for that time

His tactic was that they couldn't sit there defending, otherwise they would never win

He has previous experience

No one really knew how to cope with trench warfare...so they used tactics which had been successful in previous battles

Against -  The soldiers were sent to attack with the wrong equiptment to cut the wire

Haig was comfortably at home, not worrying about the war

The soldiers believed it was his fault

1920's - good person, exceptional commander , respected 

 CAUSE - managed to stop war, work for the British Legion

1930's - bad person, killed too many people

CAUSE - Great War should have stopped future wars, but WWII was starting

1960's - bad person, caused too much war, key historians defended and supported him

CAUSE - many killed, anti-Vietnam war, peace, key historians wanted to support after critisism 

1997 - good and bad, as it wasn't his fault, but still too many killed

28 June 1919     440 Articles for German Punishment

• Germany was not allowed to join the Covenant of the League of Nations
• The Rhineland was demilitarised - German army wasn't  allowed there
• The Saar, with its rich coalfields, given to France for 15 years
• Alsace-Lorraine returned to France
• Germany forbidden to unite with Austria
• Lands in eastern Germany - rich farmlands of Posen and the POlish corridor between Germany and East Prussia - given to Poland
• Danzig made a free city under League of Nations control
• All Germany's colonies taken and given to France and Britain as 'mandates'
• The German army restricted to 100,000 men 
• The German navy restricted to 6 battleships and no submarines
• Germany not allowed to have an air force
• Germany was responsible for all the loss and damage and would have to pay reparations - 132 billion gold marks