Family

Nuclear Family - A family containing a heterosexual married or cohabitating couple and their children who live together. 

Reconstructed - 2 Adults remarry and bring their children from a previous relationship into the family (step-family)

Lone Parent - One parent brings up the children on their own.

Remember RePE

Re=Reproduction - Produces Next Generation of workers. BUT now reproduction does not need a couple living together in marriage, couples can choose to adopt. 

P=Primary Socialisation - Parents teach their children the norms and values.BUT young children go to nurseries, nannies and childminders where they are taught the basic norms and values.

E=Emotional Support - Stable family life gives us support keeping us happy. BUT now people get professional help if they feel down. e.g Counsellors and Doctors. 

They see the family as POSITIVE for society as the nuclear family performs for the good of society.

They see the family as NEGATIVE for society if it is not a nuclear family and see single parent and same-sex families as bad for society. 

Increase in Co-Habitation:

Fewer people religious

More people divorcing

Increase in Single-Parent Families:

Divorce Act 1960 made it easier to obtain a divorce

More teen pregnancies

Less stigma nowadays

Increase in Same-Sex Families:

Increase in Same-Sex Families:

- More socially acceptable

Rise in Cohabitation

Weddings are expensive

Fewer people are religious

Not so important

It doesn't hold the stigma it used to

Easier to get a divorce

Religion is less important

BUT

People who divorce sometimes do re-marry therefore they are not rejecting marriage just their partner. 

Parental roles:

-Dad used to go out to work (Breadwinner) not heavily involved with childcare or housework

-Mother used to stay at home and look after the children and do housework.

-SEGREGATED CONJUGAL ROLES

Nowadays:

- Dad works and helps with childcare

- Mum works and does childcare/housework

- JOINT CONJUGAL ROLES

TRIPLE SHIFT - Women work come home and do childcare and housework.

DUAL BURDEN - Women now work but tend to do most of the housework too, so in theory have two jobs.

INVISIBLE WORK - Women do jobs that aren't really noticed e.g Signing school letters

COMMUNE - Where groups of people live together but share the same responsibility of tasks including childcare.

KIBBUTZ - Israeli form of commune

CO-HOUSING - Have own house but may share area to eat and socialise.