Chile Vs. Nepal - Earthquake Case Studies (HIC Vs. LIC) 4.0 / 5 based on 7 ratings ? GeographyNatural hazardsGCSEAQA Created by: ProcrastinatingPandaCreated on: 16-06-18 18:02 Chile - Basic Facts On 27th February 2010, an earthquake measuring 8.8 on the Richter scale hit the central coast of Chile. The cause was a destructive subduction plate boundary (the Nazca plate and the South American plate moving towards each other). The ground shook for more than 3 minutes. Tsunami waves raced across the Pacific Ocean at speeds of up to 800km an hour. 1 of 10 Nepal - Basic Fats On 25th April 2015, an earthquake measuring 7.3 on the Richter scale hit the north-west of the capital city of Nepal, Kathmandu. It was caused by a destructive collision boundary (the Indo-Australian plate colliding with the Eurasian plate). The epicentre was around 80km/50 miles to the north-west of Kathmandu. The earthquake caused damage in Nepal, India, Tibet and Pakistan. 2 of 10 Chile - Primary Effects 500 people died. 12,000 people were injured. 20,000 people were affected. 220,000 homes, 4500 schools, 53 ports and 56 hospitals were destroyed. The cost of the earthquake was around $30 billion. 3 of 10 Nepal - Primary Effects 9,000 people died. 20,000 people were injured. 8 million people (over a 1/3 of Nepal's population) were affected. 3 million people were left homeless. 1.4 million people needed food, water and shelter for days and weeks after the earthquake. The cost of the earthquake was around $5 billion. 4 of 10 Chile - Secondary Effects 1500km of roads were damaged. Several coastal towns were affected by tsunamis. A fire caused at a chemical plant near Santiago - the area was evacuated. Several Pacific countries hit by waves/tsunamis - though warning prevented loss of life. 5 of 10 Nepal - Secondary Effects Avalanches on Mount Everest killed 19 people - the greatest number of deaths on the mountain in a single incident. Another avalanched caused 250 people to go missing. A landslide caused the blockage of a river 90 miles from Kathmandu, forcing an evacuation. 6 of 10 Chile - Immediate Resopnses Emergency services acted swiftly. Power and water were restored within 10 days. A national appeal made $60 million, which helped to make emergency shelters. International help supplied field hospitals and satellite photos. 7 of 10 Nepal - Immediate Responses Financial aid from many countries assisted with 500,000 tents for the homeless. Field hospitals were set up to support overcrowded hospitals. Search and rescue teams were sent from Uk, India and China. Helicopters rescued people caught in avalanches and social media was used in search and rescue operations. 8 of 10 Chile - Long-Term Responses 1 month later, Chile's government launched a housing reconstruction operation. A strong economy based on copper exports could be rebuilt, without the need for much foreign aid. The President announced it could take 4 years for Chile to fully recover. 9 of 10 Nepal - Long-Term Responses Thousands of homeless rehoused and damaged homes were repaired. The Red Cross gave blankets or cash grants to families who had lost their homes and winter clothing as winter approached in 2015. 700 schools were repaired. Tourism, a major source of income, was to be boosted. The Everest base camp was repaired and reopened 6 months later. 10 of 10
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