Brain and behaviour

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Phrenology

Someone could tell your feelings and experiences by the shape of your skull

They pioneered mapping behaviours and feelings onto different parts of the brain

Dismissed quite quickly but was very popular

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Prosopagnosia

-          Inability to recognise individual faces, usually following brain damage, despite intact intellectual and cognitive function and preserved low-level visual processing

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Capgras syndrom

-          Ability to recognise face but believe they are an imposter

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Double dissociation

Prosopagnosia and Capgras syndrome prove that there are independent mechanisms in the brain

There are two tasks involved in the recognition of faces and emotional response to it

With these conditions, the patients can only perform one of these processes

Double dissociation means two processes being required to come together

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Mirror neurons

Enables us to understand the intentions and motivations of other people

Study conducted in the 1990s by Giacomo Rizzolatti discovered them

The human mirror system

Activation when you’re watching a mirror image of something you usually do

Three aspects to this: action understanding, imitation, observation

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Broken mirror hypothesis

Controversy

Is this network not effective in for example people with autism?

Is it involved or not functioning as expected in people with autism?

Convenient but not really evidence-based solution

There is diversity in all of us

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