Biology 2

Biology 2

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ECOSYSTEM

Collection of different organisms in area together with improtant non living factors such as water supply and temperature

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POPULATION

All organisms of a species found in ecosystem form a population

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COMMUNITY

Populations of all species found in a ecosystem

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HABITAT

Places where specific organisms live

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FOOD CHAINS

Show series of feeding relationships at different trophic levels

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PYRAMIDS

Numbers: show number of individuals at each trophic level

Biomass: show total dry mass of all individuals with trophic level

Energy: shows amount of energy passing through trophic level over lime

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BACTERIA

Denityfing Bacteria : nitrates as energy source + convert to nitrogen gas

Free livoing Nitrogen Fixing: Nitrogen gas to ammonia, to make amino acids and proteins.

Root Nodules Nitrogen Fixing: Ammonia - amino acids and other organic nitrogen containing compounds

Nitryfing Bacteria: Oxidise ammonia to nitrates

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POLLUTION

Releasing substances into the environment in amounts that cause harmful effects and which biological processes cannot easily remove. 

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DEFORESTATION

Cutting down large areas of forests causes problems like destruction of habitats and global warming.

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FOOD TEST

Glucose = Benedicks Solution

BLUE -- BRICK RED

Starch =Iodine

YELLOW -- BLUE/BLACK

Lipids = Emulsion Test (Ethanol + Water)

MILKY

Proteins = Bieuret Reagent

BLUE -- PURPLE

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DIFFUSION

The net movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration i.e. down the concentration gradient

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OSMOSIS

The net movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration across a selectively permeable membrane. 

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ACTIVE TRANSPORT

The movement of particles against a concentration gradient using energy

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PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Water + Carbon Dioxide ----- Glucose + Oxygen

Convert light energy to chemical energy.

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LIMITING FACTOR

Any independent variable, increase in whose value leads to increase in value of dependent variable

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