Active Transport

Move substances against a concentration gradient using energy (ATP provided by Mitochondria).

Carrier Proteins:

• same as facilitated diffusion
• but energy is used

Co-Transporters:

• A type of carrier proteins
• Conc. gradient of one molecule is used to move the other against its own conc. gradient
• e.g Sodium-glucose co-transport

1) Glucose moves into the intestinal epithelial cell with sodium via sodium-glucose co-transport protein.

2) Sodium removed by active transport in sodium-potassium pump - maintaining conc. gradient

3) Glucose then moves into blood by diffusion.