Via Negativa

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The apophatic way

Pseudo-Dionysuis

  • Also known as the via negativa
  • Based on the equivocal approach to language
  • Suggests that the divine is ineffable
  • It is only possible to talk about God by saying what He is not
  • The human language is inadequate when trying to attribute traits to God
  • 5th Century Christian writer
  • Speaks of God as being beyond assertion and ability to describe
  • Making positive statements about God leads to anthropomorphising Him
  • To say that God is good limits his goodness as it places a boundary as to what humans perceive to be good

Maimonides

Plotinus

  • Jewish philosopher of the 12th Century
  • Emphasises the use of negative language to describe God
  • Pointed out that humans can know that God exists, but not any of his qualities as He is not like humans
  • He suggested that this way of speaking about God can be found in Jewish scripture
  • God is described "I am who I am" - he is beyond description
  • 3rd Century neo-Platonist philosopher
  • Used the apophatic way to describe the form of the good
  • He argued that this form is in a separate world and so unknowable
  • This links to ideas of God because much like the form of the good, God should also be kept separate

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