Variety of living organisms
- Created by: MaisyAbel
- Created on: 03-11-15 17:22
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- Variety of living organisms
- PLANTS
- multicellular organims
- their cells contain chloroplast and are able to carry out p/s
- their cells have cellulose cell walls
- They store carbohydrates as starch or sucrose
- E.G: flowering plants like cereal (e.g. maize), and a herbaceous legume (e.g. peas or beans
- ANIMALS
- multicellular organisms
- their cells do NOT contain chloroplasts and are NOT able to carry out p/s
- NO cell walls
- they usually have nervous coordination and are able to move from one place to another
- they often store carbohydrate as glycogen
- E.G: mammals (e.g.humans) and insects (e.g horsefly or mosquito)
- FUNGI
- are not able to carry out p/s
- their body is usually organised into mycelium made from thread-like structures called HYPHAE
- which contain many nuclei
- some are single celled
- their cells have walls made of CHITIN
- they feed by extracellular secretion of digestive enzymes onto food material and absorption of the organic products
- this is known as SAPROTROP-HIC NUTRITION
- they may store carbohydrate as glycogen
- E.G: mucor (which has a typical fungal hyphal structure) and yeast (which is single-celled)
- BACTERIA
- these are microscopic single-celled organisms
- they have a cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm and plasmids
- they lack a nucleus but contain a circular chromosome of DNA
- some can carry out p/s but most feed off other living or dead organisms
- E.G: lactobacillus bulgaricus (a rod-shaped bacterium used in the production of yogurt from milk) and pneumococcus (a spherical bacterium that acts as the pathogen causing pneumonia)
- PROTOCTIST
- these are microscopic single-celled organisms
- some like amoeba (that live in pond water) ~ have features like an animal cell.
- whilst others others, like chlorella ~ have chloroplasts and are more like plants
- A pathogenic E.G: plasmodium (responsible for causing malaria)
- VIRUSES
- these are small particles ~ smaller than bacteria
- they are parasitic and can reproduce only inside living cells
- they infect every type of living organism
- they have a wide range variety of shapes and sizes
- they have no cellular structure but have a protein coat and contain one type of nucleic acid
- either DNA or RNA
- E.G: tabacco mosaic virus(causes discoulouring oftgeh leaves of tabacco plants - by preventing the formation of chloroplast), the influenza virus (causes 'flu') and the HIV virus (causes AIDS)
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