Unit 1C: Coastal Landscapes in the UK: Coastal Processes
- Created by: GX007Z
- Created on: 11-10-22 19:22
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- Coastal Processes
- Weathering
- Mechanical
- When a physical force causes the breakdown of rock
- Examples
- Freeze-thaw
- Biological
- When a living organism causes a rock to breakdown
- Examples
- Vegetation in a crack of a rock widens as it grows
- Insects/ animals burrowing inside the rock
- Chemical
- Examples
- weak acids react with the rock
- Rain
- When chemicals cause a rock to breakdown
- Examples
- Breakdown of rock in situ
- Mechanical
- Mass Movement
- Large movement of sediment/ rock down a slope due to weathering and gravity.
- Slumping
- 1. Permeable geology is overlaying impermeable geology. 2. Precipitation has a significant impact on the cliff. 3. A slip plane has occurred. 4. Undercutting and erosion at the base of the cliff causes the sediment to collapse .
- Rock Fall
- What?
- Why?
- Weathering (freeze-thaw) + biological weakening cliff face.
- Erosion (Hydraulic action + abrasion) wear away base of cliff due to movement + destructive waves. Due to instability of cliff face, gravity pulls cliff down
- What impacts?
- Infrastructure on top of cliff at risk.
- Habitats damaged
- Sediment transported by waves.
- Waves
- Constructive
- Main Process: Deposition
- -Low frequency
- -Low/ long
- Swash is more powerful than backwash
- Material is deposited
- Destructive
- Main Process: Erosion
- Erosion
- Attrition
- sediment collides with each other causing them to become smaller and more rounded.
- Hydraulic action
- The force of water pressurizes air in cracks in the rocks.
- This force causes cracks to expand over time.
- The force of water pressurizes air in cracks in the rocks.
- Abrasion
- Rocks in waves are hurled at cliffs causing scraping effect and breakdown of rocks
- Attrition
- Erosion
- -High frequency.
- -Tall/ Steep
- -Backwash is more powerful than swash
- -Material is removed
- Main Process: Erosion
- Constructive
- Weathering
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