BIO - topic 6
- Created by: jlomas
- Created on: 03-10-18 15:22
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- DNA
- Topic 6 - inheritance, variation, evolution
- Structure + Protein Synthesis
- Structure
- Series of nucleotides
- Sugar phospahte backbone + base
- Four bases= A pairs w/ T, C w/ G
- Sugar phospahte backbone + base
- Series of nucleotides
- Protein Synthesis
- Transcription
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- Translation
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- Transcription
- Structure
- Mutations
- Random change in base sequence of DNA
- Can be inherited
- Insertion= new base inserted in DNA
- Deletion= random base deleted from DNA
- Substitution= random base is changed to different base in DNA
- Most have little/no effect
- Some have dramatic effect, big impact on persons life
- Mutation in non-coding DNA, alters how genes expressed
- Reproduction
- Sexual
- Two parents, fusion of gametes
- Mixing of chromosomes
- Genetically different cells/offspring
- Mixing of chromosomes
- Two parents, fusion of gametes
- Asexual
- One parnet, no fusion of gametes
- No mixing of chromosomes
- Genetically identical cells/offspring
- No mixing of chromosomes
- One parnet, no fusion of gametes
- Pros/Cons
- Sexual
- Inherited Disorders
- Cystic Fibrosis (CF)
- Carried on recessive allele
- People with one allele for CF will just be carrier
- Both parents must be carriers or have it to give it to offspring
- People with one allele for CF will just be carrier
- Genetic disorder of cell membrane
- Body produces lots of thick mucus in airways and pancreas
- Very dangerous
- Body produces lots of thick mucus in airways and pancreas
- Carried on recessive allele
- Polydactyly
- Carried on dominant allele
- People can't be carriers, if you have one allele, you have it
- Only one parent has to have it to pass it to offspring
- People can't be carriers, if you have one allele, you have it
- Baby born with extra fingers/toes
- Causes no further problems
- Carried on dominant allele
- Cystic Fibrosis (CF)
- Cell Division
- Meiosis
- Mitosis
- Meiosis
- Structure + Protein Synthesis
- Chemical, contains coded information
- Found in nucleus, in chromosomes
- Polymer, two strands in double helix
- Found in nucleus, in chromosomes
- Gene codes for amino acids, for specific protein
- Gene is small section of DNA
- Genome is set of genetic material
- Scientists mapped entire human genome
- Allows to identify genes linked to diseases
- Help understand diseases + develop tretment
- Trace migrations of popultions
- Help understand diseases + develop tretment
- Allows to identify genes linked to diseases
- Scientists mapped entire human genome
- Topic 6 - inheritance, variation, evolution
- Mendel: (1822-1884)
- Studied inheritance using pea plants
- Ideas initially rejected
- Couldn't explain the science behind his findings
- Didn't communicate well, scientists didn't understand it
- Not well known science journal, not many read it
- Not until DNA structure was discovered that people started referring to his work
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- Ideas initially rejected
- Couldn't explain the science behind his findings
- Didn't communicate well, scientists didn't understand it
- Not well known science journal, not many read it
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