The Cell
- Created by: Amy Kirkness
- Created on: 10-11-12 03:58
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- The Cell
- Cell Membrane
- the outer boundary of cell
- made up of a double layer of lipid molecules and associated proteins
- seperates internal& external environment of cell
- determines which substances get into & out of the cell
- Cytoplasm
- thick fluid inside the cell where the cell contents are disolved or suspended
- 75-90% water
- contains dissolved & suspended substances of the cell
- Organelles
- specialised structures that are suspended in the cytoplasm
- golgi apparatus (golgi body)
- flattended membranous bags stacked on top of each other
- modifies proteins
- package proteins into vesicles for secretion from the cell
- endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
- pairs of parallel membranes
- connects cell membrane with nuclear membrane
- provides a surfaceon which chemical reactions can occur
- channels can be used for transport or storageof materials
- rough ER (rER): has ribosomes
- smoothER (sER): no ribosomes
- ribosomes
- little black dots
- 2 types
- free ribosomes: floatingin the cytoplasm
- attached ribosomes: stuck onto something
- join together amino acids to make proteins
- mitochondria
- structues that are spread throughout the cytoplasm
- two membranes:
- outer membrane: smooth
- inner membrane: folded
- increases surfacearea which increases rate of absorption
- to release energy for the cell
- nucleus
- control center of cell
- contains genetic material
- nuclear membrane
- outside of nucleus
- has lots of holes
- nuclear pores
- nuclear membrane
- outside of nucleus
- has lots of holes
- nuclear pores
- big molecules can pass throughgaps
- nuclear pores
- big molecules can pass throughgaps
- nuclear membrane
- nuclear pores
- nucleoplasm
- jelly-like substance that fills nucleus and suspends DNA & nucleolus
- nucleolus
- center of nucleus
- where RNA lives
- lysosomes
- small spheres
- contains enzymes that can break down proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, some carbohydrates& worn-out organelles
- centrioles
- pair of cylinders
- located near nucleus
- involved in reproduction of the cell
- Cytoskeleton
- microfilaments & microtubules
- give the cell it's shape
- assist in the movement of materials or organelles of the whole cell
- Inclusions
- substances that aren't part of the cell structure but sometimes get found in the cytoplasm
- Cell Membrane
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