THE COGNITIVE INTERVIEW
- Created by: Melissa
- Created on: 19-03-19 15:03
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- The Cognitive Interview
- 4 Stages of the Cognitive Interview
- Change Perspective: The witness is asked to imagine what the scene would look like to someone on the other side of the street. What would they have seen/heard/
- Reinstate the Context: Witness is encouraged to imagine themselves back in the context of the incident, so maybe late at night walking back from the pub. e.g. What was the weather like? These features will act as cues for recall.
- Reverse the Narrative Order: Once the witness has described the events in chronological order, they are asked to recall it from the last thing that happened to the first. This can help to fill in gaps in the narrative.
- Report Everything: Witness asked to recall all they can remember without interruption including every detail even if they think it is irrelevant.
- CREATING A MENTAL PICTURE ENACTS THE ENCODING SPECIFICITY PRINCIPLE, WHICH STATES THAT RECALL IS BETTER WHEN LEARNING AND RECALL STATES ARE SIMILAR.
- USING MULTIPLE WAYS OF RETRIEVING THE MEMORIES IS BASED ON THE FACT THAT MEMORY IS STORED IN MULTIPLE WAYS.
- ONE TECHNIQUE USED BY POLICE FORCES TO IMPROVE EYEWITNESS RECALL IS THE COGNITIVE INTERVIEW (CI). IT IS BASED ON COGNITIVE RESEARCH INTO MEMORY AND WAS DEVISED BY FISHER AND GEISELMAN IN 1984. IT IS AN INTERVIEW STYLE THAT HELPS WITNESSES RECALL MORE DETAILS OF CRIMES WHEN GIVING STATEMENTS TO THE POLICE.
- 4 Stages of the Cognitive Interview
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