Synapses
- Created by: Molly Webb
- Created on: 16-02-16 12:33
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- Synapses
- A junction between a neurone and the next cell (another neurone or an effector cell)
- Gap between the cells = synaptic cleft
- Presynaptic neurone has a swelling cause the synaptic knob.
- This contains synaptic vesicles filled with neurotrasmitters.
- Action potential reaches synaptic knob of presynaptic membrane
- Action potential causes voltage-gated calcium ion channels to open
- Calcium diffuses into the synaptic knob causes synaptic vesicles to move to presynaptic membrane
- Diffuse into presynaptic cleft by exocytosis
- Neurotrasmitter diffuses across synaptic cleft and binds to specific receptors on postsynaptic membrane
- This causes sodium ion channels to open in postsynaptic neurone
- Initiating depolarisation and if threshold value is reaching an AP is produced
- Neurotrasmitter is then removed so response doesn't continue to happen
- They are broken down by enzymes
- Neurotrasmitter is then removed so response doesn't continue to happen
- Initiating depolarisation and if threshold value is reaching an AP is produced
- This causes sodium ion channels to open in postsynaptic neurone
- Neurotrasmitter diffuses across synaptic cleft and binds to specific receptors on postsynaptic membrane
- Diffuse into presynaptic cleft by exocytosis
- Calcium diffuses into the synaptic knob causes synaptic vesicles to move to presynaptic membrane
- Action potential causes voltage-gated calcium ion channels to open
- Neurotransmitters
- Acetylcholine
- Cholinergic synapses
- Bind to cholinergic receptors
- Broken down by acetylcholinesterase
- Bind to cholinergic receptors
- Cholinergic synapses
- Nonadrenaline
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