Structure and Bonding
- Created by: Sophie
- Created on: 05-12-14 16:32
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- Structure and Bonding
- Ionic bonding
- Between a metal and a non-metal
- Ions (charged atoms) are formed
- Electrons are lost from the outer shell (metals)
- Electrons are gained in the outer shell (non-metals)
- Form giant structures
- Strong electrostatic forced of attraction
- Represented using dot and cross diagrams
- Sodium chloride forms giant ionic lattice. There are strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions.
- Formulae of ionic compounds
- Worked out by ratios
- Tells a chemist:
- How many atoms are present
- The elements present
- The ratio of atoms present
- Neutral
- Formula can be worked out by balancing the charges
- Brackets are used sometimes to show the ratio of ions in a compound
- Covalent bonding
- Between 2 non-metals
- The sharing of electrons
- Some atoms (e.g. carbon) can form several covalent bonds
- Can form giant covalent structures
- Metals
- Delocalised electrons are formed
- Free electrons
- Allows the metal to conduct heat and electricity
- Atoms are all the same size
- Form giant structures
- Layers of atoms are joined in regular aatterns
- The strong electrostatic forces between the delocalised electronsand positive ions hold the structure together
- Delocalised electrons are formed
- Ionic bonding
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