Sociology 4.1
- Created by: EmmaMoogan
- Created on: 13-02-23 16:38
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- Demography
- Factors affecting birth rate
- The proportion of women who are of childbearing age (15-44)
- The total fertility rate
- Reasons for a decline in birth rate
- CPOW. More career focused, financially independent, contraception and abortion and easier access to divorce
- Decline in infant mortaility rate
- Children are seen as an economic burden. Cost of bringing up at child to 18 with two parents is £80,000
- Child-centeredness. Family work to make sure all the child's needs are met.
- Childbearing
- Nearly half of all children born are born outside of marriage.
- Women are having children later - 28 yrs old
- Reasons for changes in childbearing
- Decline in stigma
- Increase in cohabitation
- CPOW - More career options
- The Dependency ratio: A fall in the number of children reduces the burden of working population
- Public services and policies - E.g. fewer schools and maternity wards may be needed.
- Deaths
- Decline in infectious diseases, improved nutrition, medical improvements, smoking and diet, public health measures and other social changes
- Life expectancy has increased
- Factors affecting birth rate
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