schaffer and emerson
- Created by: georgiaharbridge
- Created on: 28-03-16 16:33
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- SCHAFFER AND EMERSON
- KEY STUDY(1964)
- Aim
- Investigate the formation of early attachment in particular the age which they developed
- Method
- 60 babies - 31 male, 29 female
- Glasgow skilled working class families
- Visited at home every month for the 1st year and at 18 months
- Asked mothers questions about protest of the day
- e.g - adult leaving the room (separation anxiety)
- 60 babies - 31 male, 29 female
- Findings
- 25-32 Weeks of age about 50% of babies showed signs of separation anxiety towards mother (specific attachment)
- 40 weeks 80% of the babies had a specific attachment and almost 30% had multiple attachment
- A03
- Good external validity
- Observational in own homes
- Behaviour wasn't affected
- Observational in own homes
- Longitudinal design
- Same children at different ages, no confounding variables or individual differences
- Limited sample
- Same district and social class and same city
- Good external validity
- Aim
- STAGES OF ATTACHMENT
- 1. Asocial stage
- Forming bonds
- Show some preference for some adults
- 2. Indiscriminate attachment
- 2-7 months
- Recognise and prefer familiar adults
- Don't usually show separation or stranger anxiety
- 3.Specific attachment
- 7 months
- Start to display stranger and separation anxiety
- Attachment figure
- 4. Multiple attachments
- Secondary attachment
- A03
- Problem studying the asocial stage
- Babies have poor co-ordination and inmoble, had to make judgement
- Evidence cannot be relied on
- Babies have poor co-ordination and inmoble, had to make judgement
- Conflicting evidence on multiple attachment
- Not clear when multiple attachments are formed
- Bowlby 1969 - single main carer before the become capable of developing multiple attachments
- Van Ijzendoorn et al 1993 - multiple caregivers are the norm , such cultures are called collectivist
- Not clear when multiple attachments are formed
- Measuring multiple attachments
- Children have playmates aswell as attachment figures and may get distressed when they leave
- Problem studying the asocial stage
- 1. Asocial stage
- KEY STUDY(1964)
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