gcse biology reproduction - sexual, asexual and cloning.
- Created by: chxrlottetaylor
- Created on: 20-10-20 09:41
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- reproduction
- cloning
- cloning is generally veiwed as unethical due to various reasons.
- the of spring would not technically have parents which presents the question of as to who its gaurdians would be- also that it is unethical to produce a human as part of an experiment.
- clones are known to suffer various genetic defaults such as malformation of limbs and organs.
- the process of cloning.
- the nucleus of an adult cell is removed along with the nucelus of a womans egg cells.
- the nucleus of the adult cell (ie a skin cell) is placed into the egg. it is then given an electric shock to trigger cell dividision.
- the embryo is then placed into a surogate and carried until the baby is born.
- the nucleus of the adult cell (ie a skin cell) is placed into the egg. it is then given an electric shock to trigger cell dividision.
- the nucleus of an adult cell is removed along with the nucelus of a womans egg cells.
- the of spring would not technically have parents which presents the question of as to who its gaurdians would be- also that it is unethical to produce a human as part of an experiment.
- cloning is generally veiwed as unethical due to various reasons.
- asexual reproduction
- asexual reproduction involves a single parent cell replicated through the process of mitosis. the new cells are genetically identical to the parent cell.
- asexual reprodution occurs in cells within organisms ie skin cells and prokaryotes such as bacteria and archea.
- stages of asexual reproduction
- interphase - cells carry out cell functions and replicate dna.
- mitosis
- prophase - chromtids become joined by a centromere to form a pair of sister chromotids (still classed as a chromosome)
- metaphase -the chromsomes line up along the middle of the cell the spindle fibres form from the centrioles and attach to the centromeres
- anaphase - the spindle fibres contract and split the pairs into single chromotids
- metaphase -the chromsomes line up along the middle of the cell the spindle fibres form from the centrioles and attach to the centromeres
- prophase - chromtids become joined by a centromere to form a pair of sister chromotids (still classed as a chromosome)
- mitosis
- interphase - cells carry out cell functions and replicate dna.
- stages of asexual reproduction
- advantages
- faster rates or reproduction and no energy required to find a mate.
- one organism can produce a colony
- faster rates or reproduction and no energy required to find a mate.
- disadvantages
- negative mutations can result in the extinction of populations due to disease
- organism produced cannot adapt as easily to changing environments
- it is difficult to control the size of the population
- organism produced cannot adapt as easily to changing environments
- negative mutations can result in the extinction of populations due to disease
- asexual reprodution occurs in cells within organisms ie skin cells and prokaryotes such as bacteria and archea.
- asexual reproduction involves a single parent cell replicated through the process of mitosis. the new cells are genetically identical to the parent cell.
- selective breeding
- Untitled
- cloning
- interphase - cells carry out cell functions and replicate dna.
- mitosis
- prophase - chromtids become joined by a centromere to form a pair of sister chromotids (still classed as a chromosome)
- metaphase -the chromsomes line up along the middle of the cell the spindle fibres form from the centrioles and attach to the centromeres
- anaphase - the spindle fibres contract and split the pairs into single chromotids
- metaphase -the chromsomes line up along the middle of the cell the spindle fibres form from the centrioles and attach to the centromeres
- prophase - chromtids become joined by a centromere to form a pair of sister chromotids (still classed as a chromosome)
- mitosis
- telophase - two sperate nuclei begin to form around the seperate chromosomes
- cytokinesis -the cell folds until the poles meet and the cytoplasm splits, forming two daughter cell with identical organelles and genes
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