1.4 bio questions
- Created by: hannahadams
- Created on: 23-05-15 10:37
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- Questions
- processes of protein digestion and absorption in the alimentary canal
- Protein is digested by proteases in the stomach and small intestine/duodenum and is broken down into amino acids. Absorption takes place in the small intestine
- Graph: x - constant gradient, y - levels off
- At X as the enzyme concentration increases so does the rate of reaction – this is because there are more enzymes and active sites available to react with the substrate.
- At Y an increase in enzyme concentration has no further effect on the rate of reaction as the substrate has become limiting – there are too many enzymes for the amount of substrate available
- advantages of lower temp enzymes in washing powders
- It will be cheaper to wash at 40 °C and it is likely to be lass damaging to clothes
- why is it important that food is digested
- So that it can be absorbed/get into bloodstream
- How the structure of the ileum is adapted to the function of adsorption of digested food molecules
- length/folds/villi provide a large surface area thin epithelium/membrane gives a short diffusion distance
- permeable epithelium/membrane allows digested food molecules to pass through easily
- permeable epithelium/membrane allows digested food molecules to pass through easily
- good blood supply/capillaries in villi maintain a high diffusion gradient
- length/folds/villi provide a large surface area
- Lipase
- fatty acids produced by the action of lipase affect pH
- Experiment - effect of amylase on starch
- Test Tube C: water and starch
- enzyme required for digestion of starch; so iodine changes colour (brown to blue-black)
- Test Tube B: boiled, cooled amylase and starch
- boiling denatures amylase enzyme; starch is not broken down to glucose; so iodine changes colour (brown to blue-black)
- Test Tube A: amylase and starch
- after 10 mins amylase had broken down starch to glucose so iodine doesn’t change colour
- 0 min, blue/black as starch present (in all test-tubes)
- Test Tube C: water and starch
- Enzyme:
- protein; speeds up reactions; biological catalyst; not used up in the reaction
- Graph
- Two different proteases equally good at stain removal
- Support: Both remove same/similar mass of protein
- Not support: Their performance depends on temperature used
- Two different proteases equally good at stain removal
- Bile
- Emulsification aids digestion as it produces a larger surface area for enzyme action
- Bile also neutralises stomach acid as food moves into the duodenum - important if digestion is to continue in duodenum
- enzymes have an optimum pH / pH at which they work best; bile neutralises stomach acid allowing enzymes to function
- Bile also neutralises stomach acid as food moves into the duodenum - important if digestion is to continue in duodenum
- Emulsification aids digestion as it produces a larger surface area for enzyme action
- Function of organs in the digestion of food
- ileum
- absorption of digested food
- Stomach
- starts protein digestion / acid used to kill microbes on food
- colon
- reabsorption of water
- ileum
- processes of protein digestion and absorption in the alimentary canal
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