Non- communicable diseases
- Created by: d14dazzob
- Created on: 01-10-17 15:03
View mindmap
- Non-Communicable diseases B7
- Risk Factors and Impacts
- Genes and your age. Aspects of life e.g smoking, no exercise or overeating. Also being exposed to Carcinogens
- Substances in the Environment or body. e.g ionising radiation, UV light or second hand smoke
- Scientists often find correlation between lifestyle factors and particular diseases
- Casual Mechanism - explains how one factor influences another through a biological factor
- Diseases often cost huge sums of money for the individual and the family.
- They also cost nations money at the expense of treating people. Global economy suffers
- Have the greatest impact of humans and economy
- Cancer
- Tumour formation
- Benign and Malignant tumours result in abnormal cell division
- Benign tumours only form in one place and don't spread
- Malignant tumour cells are cancers. they invade neighbouring tissues and may spread to different parts of the body
- May spread in blood to other parts of the body where they form secondary tumours
- Tumour cells divide rapidly and live for a long time
- Benign and Malignant tumours result in abnormal cell division
- Causes
- Genes, mutations, UV light, X-rays and ionising radiation
- Treatment
- Radiotherapy- cancer cells destroyed by target doses of radiation. Chemotherapy - chemicals used to stop cells dividing or make them self-destruct
- Tumour formation
- Smoking and the risk of disease
- Smoking can cause cardiovascular disease e.g coronary heart disease, lung cancer and lung diseases e.g bronchitis and COPD
- Nicotine is addictive and relatively harmless
- Carbon monoxide can cause damage to body cells. It is a poisonous gas found in tobacco smoke. If it is in your system you can find it hard to breath
- Smoke causes the blood vessels in your skin to become narrower making your skin age
- Smoking and nicotine increase the heart rate and blood pressure. Making heart diseases common in smokers e.g heart attacks and strokes
- Smoking and Pregnancy
- A fetus exposed to smoke has restricted oxygen, can lead to premature birth, low birth weight and still birth
- Carconogens
- Toxic compound in smoke is Tar. It accumulates in the lungs turning them from pink to grey.
- Tar can cause many different Cancers. That's why it is a carcinogen
- Toxic compound in smoke is Tar. It accumulates in the lungs turning them from pink to grey.
- Smoking can cause cardiovascular disease e.g coronary heart disease, lung cancer and lung diseases e.g bronchitis and COPD
- Diet, exercise and disease
- Diet affects your risk of developing diseases through cholesterol levels and obesity
- Exercise levels affects the likelihood of developing cardiovascular diseases
- Obesity is a strong risk factor for type 2 diabetes
- Type 2 diabetes
- Body does not make enough insulin to control blood sugar levels.
- Gets more common with age, can be genetic, being overweight is a big cause of having it
- Body does not make enough insulin to control blood sugar levels.
- Alcohol and other carcinogens
- Alcohol can damage the liver and cause cirrhosis and liver cancer
- Can cause brain damage and death
- Alcohol taken during pregnancy can affect the development of her unborn baby
- Ionising radiation
- radiation penetrates the cells and damages the chromosomes what can lead to mutations in the DNA
- Examples: UV light, Radioactive materials, x-rays, accidents in nuclear power generation
- radiation penetrates the cells and damages the chromosomes what can lead to mutations in the DNA
- Alcohol can damage the liver and cause cirrhosis and liver cancer
- Risk Factors and Impacts
Comments
No comments have yet been made