Metals & their uses
- Created by: Ashleigh Hockenhull
- Created on: 08-06-15 14:04
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- Metals & their uses
- extracting metals
- ores contain enough metal to make it economical to extract the metal
- the economics of extraction may change over time
- ores are mined & may be concentrated before the metal is extracted & purified
- unreactive metals such as gold r found in the earth as the metal itself but most metals found as compounds that require chemical reactions to extract the metal
- metals that are less reactive than carbon can b extracted from their oxides by reduction w carbon
- metals that are more reactive than carbon are extracted by electrolysis of molten compounds
- the use of large amounts of energy in the extraction of these metals makes them expensive
- copper can b extracted from copper rich ores by heating the ores in a furnace (smelting)
- the copper can be purified by electrolysis.
- the supply of copper rich ores is limitied
- the copper can be purified by electrolysis.
- new ways of extracting copper from low-grade ores are being researched to limit the environmental impact of traditional mining
- copper can be extracted by phytomining or bioleachig
- copper can be obtained from solutions of copper salts by electrolyis or by displacement using scrap iron
- aliminium & titanium cant be extracted from their oxides by reduction w carbon
- ores contain enough metal to make it economical to extract the metal
- alloys
- iron from the blast furnace contains about 96% iron
- the impurities make it brittle so has limited uses
- most iron is converted into steels
- steels are alloys since they are mixtures of iron w carbon
- some steels contain other metals
- alloys can b designed to have properties for specific uses
- low carbon steels are easily shaped, high-carbon steels are hard, & stainless steels resistant to erosion
- alloys can b designed to have properties for specific uses
- some steels contain other metals
- steels are alloys since they are mixtures of iron w carbon
- most metals in everyday use are alloys
- pure copper, gold, iron & aliminium are too soft for many uses & so are mixed w small amounts of similar metals to make them harder for everyday use
- iron from the blast furnace contains about 96% iron
- properties & uses of metals
- the elements in the central block of the periodic table are known as transition metals
- like other metals they are good conductors of heat & electricity & can be bent or hammered into shape
- they are useful as structural materials & for making things that must allow heat or electricity to pass through them easily
- like other metals they are good conductors of heat & electricity & can be bent or hammered into shape
- copper has properties that make it useful for electrical wiring & plumbing
- the elements in the central block of the periodic table are known as transition metals
- extracting metals
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