maths

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  • Maths Revision
    • Multiples/ Factors/ Prime Numbers
      • Multiples are just like times tables- e.g. multiples of 6: 6,12,18,24,30,36,42,48,54, 60 etc.
      • Factors are numbers that divide into a bigger number- e.g. factors of 24: 1x24, 2x12, 3x8, 4x6
      • A prime number is a number that doesn't divide by anything apart from itself and 1- e.g. 3,5,7,9,11,13,17,19,23,29 etc.
    • LCM&HCF
      • LCM- Least Common Multiple: the smallest number that will divide by all the numbers in the question
        • List the multiples in each number and pick out the lowest number that appears in both lists.
      • HCF-Highest Common Factor: the biggest number that will divide into all the numbers in the question.
        • List the factors of both numbers and pick out the biggest numbers that are in both lists.
    • Fractions
      • Cancelling Down: keep simplifying till the numerator and the denominator have no common factors left.
      • Mixed Numbers: have an integer and a fraction, e.g.   8&2/4
        • You can also swap this into an improper fraction where the numerator is bigger than the denominator.
      • Multiplying: multiplying the numerators and the denominators.
      • Dividing: keep,kiss,flip- keep the first fraction, change the divide sign to a multiply and flip the numbers of the second fraction.
      • Common Denominators: good use for ordering factions and adding/ subtracting fractions
      • Adding/ Subtracting: make sure the denominators are the same then add/subtract the numerators and denominators.
      • Fractions of something: divide the number given by the denominator and multiply it by the numerator.
    • Fractions/ Decimals/ Percentages
      • 1/2=0.5=50%    1/4=0.25=                25%              3/4=0.75=            75%            etc.
      • FRACTION to DECIMAL= numorator divided by denominator. DECIMAL to PERCENTAGE= decimal times by 100
      • PERCENTAGE to DECIMAL= percentage divided by 100. DECIMAL to fraction= 1) terminating decimal to fractions- the digits after the decimal place go on the top and a 10 gos onthe bottom with the same amount of 0's as there are were decimal places.
    • Rounding Numbers
      • DECIMAL PLACES & SIGNIFICANT FIGURES
        • Decimal Places:  1) identify the position of the last digit from the number of decimal places. 2) look at the next digit to the right- called the decider. 3) if the decider is 5 or more you round up, if it is 4 or less you leave it as it is. 4) there must  be no more digits after the last digit- not even 0's.
        • Significant figures: 1) the 1st  significant figure is any number that isn't a zero. 2) the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, etc. follow on immediately regardless weather it is a zero or not. 3) after rounding the last digit, end zeros must be filled up, but not beyond the decimal point.
    • Estimating
      • Estimating Calculations:
        • 1) round all your numbers to "easy numbers" 2) carry on with the calculation as usual.
      • Estimating square roots:
        • 1) find to square numbers, one either side of the number you are given 2) decide which number it is closest to and make an estimate of the digit after the decimal point.
    • Bounds
      • Upper&Lower Bounds:
        • when a measurement is ROUNDED to a given unit, the actual measurement can be anything up to HALF A UNIT bigger or smaller.
        • when a measurement is TRUNCATED to a given unit, the actual measurement can be up to a WHOLE UNIT bigger but no smaller
    • Standard Form:
      • A number written in standard form must always be written as: A x 10^n
        • 1) The front number must always be between 1 and 10. 2) the power of 10^n is how far the decimal point moves. 3) 'n' is POSITIVE for BIG NUMBERS, n is NEGATIVE for SMALL numbers.

Comments

BonKz

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this is very useful but the problem is that when it comes to printing the mindmap is very small and the writing is miniscule 

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