Labelling Theory/ interactionism
- Created by: ecotts
- Created on: 22-12-17 11:32
View mindmap
- Labelling/ Interactionist Theory
- Interested in how and why certain acts come to be defined or labelled as criminal
- No act is inherently criminal or deviant in itself, it come come to be so when others label it as such
- Becker
- He focused on the labelling of 'outsiders'
- "its not the nature of the act that make it deviant, but the nature of society's reactions to the act
- A deviant is someone to whom the label has been successfully applied and deviant behaviour is simply behaviour that people label so.
- Cicourel
- He found that arrests are more likely to happen to people who fit the stereotype of being a criminal
- The typification (stereotype) led the police to focus on certain types
- W/C areas and people fitting the typification resulting in more arrest among this class
- Negotiations of Justice
- Justice is not fixed by negotiable.
- Middle class people are less likely to be treated like a criminal as they are able to negotiate the charge e.g pay a fine
- Lemert
- Primary Deviance
- Deviant acts that have not been publicly labelled
- It's widespread and trivial such as fare dodging and it mostly goes uncaught
- Its explained as a 'moment of madness' and people don't tend to make a habit out of it.
- Secondary Deviance
- It is the result of social reaction (Labelling)
- Being caught and publicly labelled as a criminal involves being stigmatised or excluded from society
- This becomes as master status as others only see them as this label, which leads to the self-fulfilling prophecy
- Primary Deviance
- Braithwaite
- Identifies two types of shaming
- Disintegrative shaming= exclusion from society
- As the criminal and act is labelled as bad
- Reintegrative Shaming= the act is labelled, not the person
- Their doing was bad but not them
- Its avoids stigmatising the offender as evil whilst making them aware of the negative impact of their actions
- Disintegrative shaming= exclusion from society
- Identifies two types of shaming
- Cohen
- They were labelled as problematic in the media and this led to further problems
- Deviance amplification Spiral
- The attempt to control deviance leads to an increase in the level of deviance
- The more and more control, the more and more deviance
- The attempt to control deviance leads to an increase in the level of deviance
- The press exaggerated and distorted the report of the event which started a moral panic
- The demonisation of mods and rockers lead to further marginalisation
- They were labelled as problematic in the media and this led to further problems
- The demonisation of mods and rockers lead to further marginalisation
- Mods vs Rockers
- The press exaggerated and distorted the report of the event which started a moral panic
- The demonisation of mods and rockers lead to further marginalisation
- The demonisation of mods and rockers lead to further marginalisation
- The press exaggerated and distorted the report of the event which started a moral panic
- Criticisms
- Although it shows that society's attempt to control deviance can actually create more,
- DE HAAN= it ignores the fact that individuals may choose to deviate because of negative labels
- It implies that deviants are unaware that they are divans until they are labelled
- Although it shows that society's attempt to control deviance can actually create more,
Comments
No comments have yet been made