labelling/ interactionist -crime and deviance
- Created by: M_gan
- Created on: 27-02-19 12:22
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- labelling/ interactionist view
- Cicourel's 'negotiation of justice study'
- typifications are stereotypes of what the typical delinquent looks like
- leads to class bias
- WC are likely to fall into a self fulfilling prophecy as they are perceived as criminals
- MC offenders are less likely to be prosecuted as police don't see them as criminals
- Becker
- argued that deviance can be amplified through labelling
- through labelling they gain a master status - this changes how others treat the individual
- the labels create a self-fulfilling prophecy and perhaps a deviant career
- once the label is accepted they may join a deviant subculture
- Lemert primary and secondary deviance
- primary deviance is deviant acts that haven't been publicly labelled
- widespread and unlikely to have a single cause
- eg underage drinking
- not part of a deviant way of life
- doesn't affect an individuals status or self-concept
- secondary deviance is a social reaction of labelling where they are stigmatised and publicly labelled as a criminal
- they are only seen as their label, it becomes their master status
- causes a crisis of the individuals self concept/ sense of identity
- eg drug dealing
- primary deviance is deviant acts that haven't been publicly labelled
- Cohen deviance amplification
- studied powerless groups like the mods and rockers
- media reported the events with exaggeration and distortion, predicted that it would continue and symbolistion as it created a moral panic towards the negatively labelled groups
- the spiral
- the deviant act occurs: the media exaggerates and oversimplifies the problem creating a folk devil
- exaggerated media response: a sense of panic and outrage is sparked in the public
- negative social reaction: police 'get tough on the deviance'
- police crackdown: the crackdown makes the deviance seem more glamourous and rebellious
- the deviant act occurs: the media exaggerates and oversimplifies the problem creating a folk devil
- exaggerated media response: a sense of panic and outrage is sparked in the public
- negative social reaction: police 'get tough on the deviance'
- police crackdown: the crackdown makes the deviance seem more glamourous and rebellious
- police crackdown: the crackdown makes the deviance seem more glamourous and rebellious
- negative social reaction: police 'get tough on the deviance'
- exaggerated media response: a sense of panic and outrage is sparked in the public
- the deviant act occurs: the media exaggerates and oversimplifies the problem creating a folk devil
- police crackdown: the crackdown makes the deviance seem more glamourous and rebellious
- negative social reaction: police 'get tough on the deviance'
- exaggerated media response: a sense of panic and outrage is sparked in the public
- the deviant act occurs: the media exaggerates and oversimplifies the problem creating a folk devil
- Braithwaites shaming
- disintegrative shaming: both crime and criminal are excluded and labelled, they aren't helped to re-enter society eg USA prison system
- integrative shaming: only the crime is labelled and excluded not the person, they are helped to re-enter society eg Bastoy in Norway
- lower reoffending rate, helped back into society, only freedom is taken away not their life
- not treated as though they have committed a crime as they aren't being punished, some argue that this would glorify crime
- evaluation
- strengths
- generated further research into the effects of labelling which have made a major contribution to the study of society
- explains why working class men commit more crime and criticises functionalist and subcultural theories
- useful when explaining ethnic differences in offending
- weaknesses
- dismiss official statistics on crime too quickly
- explain crime committed by WC and BAME groups as a social construction
- lacks any practical policy focus
- strengths
- Cicourel's 'negotiation of justice study'
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