Hyponatraemia

?
  • Created by: MazzaW
  • Created on: 15-11-19 11:08
View mindmap
  • Hyponatraemia
    • Causes
      • Pseudohypo-natraemia
        • Hyper-glycaemia
        • Hypertri-glyceridaemia
      • Too much water
        • Primary/ psychogenic polydipsia
        • IV therapy
        • Overdiluted infant formula
        • Diabetes insipidus
      • Depleted sodium
        • Renal loss
          • Diuretics
          • Salt wasting
          • Nephropathy
          • Hypo-adrenalism
        • Extrarenal loss
          • GI loss
      • Reduced renal water clearance
        • Hypovolaemia
        • Cardiac failure
        • Nephrotic syndrome
        • Hypo-thyroidism
        • Hypo-adrenalism
        • SIADH
    • Symptoms
      • Seizures
        • Immediate mgmt with hypertonic saline
          • Coma
      • Coma
      • Muscle cramps
      • Muscle weakness
      • Confusion
      • May be asymptomatic
      • Drowsiness/ lethargy
      • Cerebral oedema
      • N+V
    • Investigations
      • U+Es
      • Other electrolytes
      • CT head if indicated
      • Urine osmolality
        • < 100mOsmol/kg
          • Too much water
        • >100mOsmol/kg
          • Urine sodium level
            • >30mmol/L
              • Diuretics or ACEI?
                • If not, consider renal loss (salt wasting, SIADH, hypo-adrenalism)
            • < 30mmol/L
              • Heart/liver/ renal failure, GI loss
      • Serum glucose
        • Exclude hyper-glycaemia
      • Assess fluid status
    • Mgmt
      • Severe Sx
        • Hypertonic saline
          • Not too fast- risk of osmotic demyelination
      • Hyper-volaemic or SIADH
        • Fluid restrict
      • Medications review

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Medicine resources:

See all Medicine resources »See all Endocrinology resources »