Humanistic approach
- Created by: Ribena the great
- Created on: 16-04-22 11:54
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- Humanistic Approach
- psychodynamic focuses on sick, humanistic focuses on helathy human growth
- assumptions
- all individual have desire to reach full potential
- interested in factors driving humans
- all humans show free will to some degree
- focus on subjective nature of personal experience
- all humans are unique
- Idiographic approach
- Abraham Maslow = father - Carl Rodgers = large contributions
- carl rodgers developed self-concept
- he said we have 3 selves which must integrate to achieve self-actualisation
- ideal self - who someone is aiming to be or might already have actualised
- the real self - everyone judges and perceives a person differently
- self-concept - if someone has low self esteem, self-concept will be poor and will have a distorted view of how capable they are
- in order to self actualise, their ideal self and actual experience must be congruent
- conditions of worth - requirements that the individual feels they need to meet to be loved
- you must also have unconditional positive self regard
- unconditional positive regard - a person being loved without conditions, judgement or criticisms of them as a person
- conditional positive regard - love given when certain rules and guidelines made by others are adhered to
- you must also have unconditional positive self regard
- he said we have 3 selves which must integrate to achieve self-actualisation
- carl rodgers developed self-concept
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs
- physiological needs, safety, love and belonging, esteem and self actualisation
- Self actualisation - desire to grow psychologically and reach full potential to become what you are capable of
- in order to achieve SA deficiency needs must be met first
- Deficiency needs - lack of satisfaction causes deficiency driving people to meet needs
- growth needs - driven by desire for personal growth rather than deficiency
- Self actualisation - desire to grow psychologically and reach full potential to become what you are capable of
- physiological needs, safety, love and belonging, esteem and self actualisation
- counselling
- humanistic approach was extensive in 1960s/70s but declined in late 70s
- due to the assumption that scientific measurement isn't appropriate for people, causing conflict in psychology
- since 1990s, popularity has risen again
- due to the assumption that scientific measurement isn't appropriate for people, causing conflict in psychology
- client centred therapy has influenced other therapies like CBT
- Elliot - 2002 - humanistic therapies prompted significant improvement in clients when compared to those not receiving treatment
- humanistic approach was extensive in 1960s/70s but declined in late 70s
- Strengths of approach
- client-centred therapy and others developed from approach are effective
- allows for personal development and acknowledged we can change based on environment
- holistic
- weaknesses of approach
- it is designed for individualistic cultures meaning it can't be applied universally
- ideas can't be tested scientifically and therefore neither empirically tested
- but humanists don't attempt to test it
- ignores role of biology in behaviour
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