H and nobility (part 1)
- Created by: valentina__calcagni
- Created on: 15-12-20 17:41
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- Henry VII and the nobility
- The 'problem' of the nobility
- WoR meant that many could be against Henry- would have to assert authority over them
- To make this easier, H deliberately kept peerage small by limiting no of new lords created- unusual Henry VIII and Ed IV nobility's grew
- Limited noble class=easier to control
- Rarely elevated people to upper levels of society= prized honour and distinction when it did
- Title often brought large estates (usu given from Crown Lands) - peer creation= income loss for King
- Henry only created 3 new Earls: Lord Stanley (stepdad)= Earl of Derby, Philibert de Chandee (helped at Bos)= Earl of Bath, Sir Edward Courtenay= Earl of Devon
- H- 1 viscount, 8 barons E- 2 viscounts, 13 barons
- Peerage shrank from around 62 (1485) to about 42 (1509) - not all due to Henry
- To make this easier, H deliberately kept peerage small by limiting no of new lords created- unusual Henry VIII and Ed IV nobility's grew
- Asserting Control
- Loyals rewarded, enemies punished severly- but could redeem themselves
- Lands that came to Crown from extinct noble families not given away again- retrained and kept by Henry
- H controlled marriages of his nobles- ensured magnates didn't link themselves to powerful families as this would create dangerous power blocs
- Nobles had to ask H for permission from king
- Powerful subjects e.g Percy earls of Northumberland and Stafford dukes of Buckingham were kept under surveillance
- Even closely related families like Stanley earls and Derby (who owed much for his throne) were kept firmly in check
- NB: H gave a chance to current nobles to prove loyalty to H and keep their titles- would get H more respect
- Henry's attitude towards the nobility
- Though H was constantly suspicious of nobility, he did recognise the noble's importance to him- could use their armies for controlling provinces- so would reward them if they were loyal
- H kept nobility close to him so he could keep an eye on them- while the nobles where involved in court- H had some clear favourites and clearly v suspicious of them all- caused tension and resentment
- WoR meant that many could be against Henry- would have to assert authority over them
- Rewards and Incentives
- Patronage- giving positions of power (e.g lands and titles). H gave patronage as reward of good service
- 1. Earl of Oxford became major land owner in East Anglia
- 2. Lord Stanley, Earl of Derby retained control of Lanc + Cheshire
- 3. Jasper Tudor made made Duke of Beford- restored to his welsh estates too
- Successes: , win nobles to his cause, rewarded gentry+nlty, rewarded loyalty+good service
- Failures: H was stingy- demotivating, Nobility members felt H had favourites
- Order of the Garter- Honour given to H's closest servants
- 1. Ultimate honour- seen as 'peerage'
- Allowed H to give status- but no land
- H created 37 Knights of the Garter- over half close associates in war+govern e.g Earl of Oxf
- Success: ultimate mark of favour Failure: too unattainable?
- King's Council- position as King's councillor= sign of K's trust. Emphasis on loyalty to trusted servants
- 1. Richard Fox made keeper of Privy Seal 1497(-1516)
- Chancellors Morton and Warham held their positions for long time
- Treasurer= Lord Dinham and then Earl of Surrey
- Successes: skilled ppl not just nobility, in this position for long time Failures: some nobility resented it, H unwilling to trust others
- King's Council- meetings of noblemen called to discuss issues and emergencies (faster than parliament)= form of control for the K
- Successes: nobles felt they had a say as it didn't exclude them from decision making, way for K to get support of highest subjects and if policies were controversial, they couldn't critic it as they'd already agreed
- Failures: Henry could overturn their decisions
- Successes: nobles felt they had a say as it didn't exclude them from decision making, way for K to get support of highest subjects and if policies were controversial, they couldn't critic it as they'd already agreed
- Patronage- giving positions of power (e.g lands and titles). H gave patronage as reward of good service
- The 'problem' of the nobility
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