group 2 alkaline earth metals and uses
- Created by: Margaret Hobart
- Created on: 07-05-21 10:36
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- Group 2 - alkali earth metals
- trends
- down the group
- atomic radius increases
- number of shells increase
- more shielding form inner shells
- less attraction between nucleus and e-
- more shielding form inner shells
- number of shells increase
- 1st IE decreases
- atomic radius increases
- more shielding
- outer e- less attracted to nucleus so easier to remove
- more shielding
- atomic radius increases
- reactivity increases
- 1st IE decreases
- easier to react and form 2+ ions
- reactions with water
- water is the oxidising agent
- 0 to +2
- e.g. Sr(s) + 2H2O(l) ? Sr(OH)2(aq) + H2(g)
- 1st IE decreases
- atomic radius increases
- melting point generally decreases
- atomic radius increases
- attraction between ion and delocalised e- decreases
- strength of metallic bonds decreases and so less energy needed to overcome
- attraction between ion and delocalised e- decreases
- Mg is an exception
- it has a different crystal structure
- atomic radius increases
- down the group
- group 2 hydroxides
- solubility increases down the group
- Mg(OH)2 is sparingly soluble because they have low solubilities
- solubility increases down the group
- group 2 sulphates
- solubility decreases down the group
- BaSO4 is insoluble and so is used in sulfate ion tests
- solubility decreases down the group
- uses
- magnesium
- reducing agent when extracting titanium from its ore (TiCl4)
- TiO2 is converted to TiCl4 by heating with carbon nda stream of Cl2 gas. The TiCl4 is purified by fractional distillation before being reduced to Mg in a furnace
- TiCl4(g) + 2Mg(l) ? Ti(s) + 2MgCl2(l)
- reducing agent when extracting titanium from its ore (TiCl4)
- medical
- barium sulfate
- opaque to X-rays
- used in Barium meals
- diagnose oesophagus, stomach or intestinal problems
- magnesium hydroxide
- used in indegestion tablets as an antacid to neutralise stomach acid
- H+ + OH- -> H2O
- used in indegestion tablets as an antacid to neutralise stomach acid
- barium sulfate
- calcium hydroxide
- neutralises acidic soils
- calcium carbonate or calcium oxide
- removes suffer dioxide from flue gases
- SO2 reacts with alkaline slurry to form CaSO3
- E.g. CaO+ 2H O+ SO? CaSO + 2H O(s)2 (l)2(g) 3(s)2 (l)
- SO2 reacts with alkaline slurry to form CaSO3
- removes suffer dioxide from flue gases
- magnesium
- trends
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