Group 1, 7 and 0
- Created by: Kasia.kuczaj
- Created on: 23-01-20 18:34
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- Elements
- Group 1 - Alkali Metals
- Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, rubidium, Caesium and Francium
- They have one electron in their outer shell
- This makes them very reactive
- Going down the group, the elements get more reactive
- This is because the further the electron is away from the nucleus, the weaker the electrostatic bond is between the protons and electrons
- Going down the group, the elements get more reactive
- Form +1 ions
- This makes them very reactive
- Properties
- Soft
- Low density
- The further down the group you go, the lower the melting and boiling points are
- Reaction with water
- Form coloured compounds
- 2Na + 2H2O = 2NaOH +H2
- Produces hydrogen gas and metal hydroxides
- Going down the group, reactivity increases
- Reaction with oxygen
- Produce metal oxides
- Li2 + O2 = 2LiO
- Reactions with chloride
- Produce metal chloride salts
- 2Na + Cl2 = 2NaCl
- They have one electron in their outer shell
- Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, rubidium, Caesium and Francium
- Group 7 - Halogens
- Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine
- Have seven electrons on their outer shell
- Going down the group, they become less reactive
- It is harder to gain an electron because the electrostatic force is weaker
- Form 1- ions called Halides
- Going down the group, they become less reactive
- Properties
- F = a very reactive, poisonous yellow gas
- Cl = a fairly reactive, poisonous, green gas
- Br = a dense, poisonous, red-brown, volatile liquid
- I = a dark grey crystalline solid
- Exist as molecules or DIATOMIC atoms (pairs of atoms)
- Going down the group, the melting and boiling points increase
- Halogens share electrons with other non-metals via covalent bonding
- More reactive halogens will displace less reactive ones
- Cl + 2KI = I2 + 2KCl
- Have seven electrons on their outer shell
- Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine
- Group 0 - Noble gases
- Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, Radon
- They have eight electrons on their outer shell (a full shell)
- Don't need to give up or gain electrons to be stable
- This means they're inert - don't react much at all
- Don't need to give up or gain electrons to be stable
- Properties
- MONATOMIC gases - single atoms not bonded together
- Colourless gases
- Non-flammable
- Boiling points increase going down the group
- This is because there are more electrons and therefore a greater inter-molecular force to overcome
- They have eight electrons on their outer shell (a full shell)
- Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, Radon
- Group 1 - Alkali Metals
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