Unit 2; Core Studies; Gould
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- Created on: 12-03-17 10:46
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- Gould
- Background: Yerkes carried out research to prove psych is scientific. Gould reviewed it
- IV: ethnicity DV: mental age
- Aims: prove psych can be a rigorous science & develop field of mental testing
- Sample: 1.75 million US military men with varying educational levels
- Procedure
- Army alpha test; a written test for literate recruits
- 8 parts including sequences, analogies, MCQs based on US culture
- Army beta test; for illiterate recruits & those who failed alpha
- 7 parts including mazes, photo puzzles, symbol translation
- Individual examinations were spoken test if failed beta
- more needed beta than expected
- few follow up tests were done due to officer pressure
- Army alpha test; a written test for literate recruits
- Results
- Mental ages: white US: 13 russian: 11.34 italian: 11.01 polish: 10.74 black US: 10.41
- 13 is just above the level of morons
- led to immigration restriction act 1890,
- poor performers put on the front line
- Mental ages: white US: 13 russian: 11.34 italian: 11.01 polish: 10.74 black US: 10.41
- Conclusions
- Yerkes
- intelligence is innate, hereditary & possible to grade by colour
- average man in most countries is a moron
- this testing is valid & scientific
- Gould
- ideas have consequences as tragic as directly harmful acts
- Yerkes
- Ethics: broke consent, confidentiality, protection from harm, competence, withdrawal
- Reliability & validity
- IR: not standardised as 'literate' def changed
- ER: large sample suggests consistent effect
- IV: social class affected results as well as ethnicity
- EV: only men in US, high criterion validity as high scorers moved up ranks
- Ethnocentrism: questions were only on US culture so migrants had unfair disadvantage
- Summary
- Individual differences: intelligence varies due to genetics
- measuring differences: intelligence varied due to ethnicity
- Link to debates: socially sensitive
- poor scorers put on front line where probably kiled
- immigration restriction act affected people being persecuted in europe
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