Germany Bismarck Politics 28.11.22
- Created by: mollycha
- Created on: 28-11-22 09:39
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- Germany: Bismarck Political
- German unification in 1871 due to two key wars with Austria and Franco-Prussian war
- constitution
- written to maintain prussian rule and dominance
- Prussia had 60% of population and 2/3 territory
- had 3 class franchise system
- kaiser had ultimate power
- chancellor always Prussian/ proposed new laws/ only responsible to kaiser
- reichstag power to pass laws/set budget
- bundesrat made of representation from each state/prussian dominance had 17 seats but need 14 for veto
- written to maintain prussian rule and dominance
- wilhelm I basically pointless as didn't care enough and left it mostly to Bismarck
- 1871-79 Liberal Era
- Bismarck was a Junker not a Liberal
- alliance of convenience as they were the biggest party with 125 seats
- could pass laws easily
- joint aims of further unification and both against Catholics
- together they passed over 100 laws to further unification
- universal weights and mesaures
- extending railways
- single currency
- 1874 army budget = area of compromise =wanted army budget out of Reichstag control but Liberals wanted it discussed more often
- Septennial Laws= discussed every 7 years
- 1874 Press Laws= reaction to army budget =passed even though Libs were for freedom of speech =punish writers for criticising gov
- Kulturkampf
- WHY?
- Papal Infaliability 1871
- catholic centre party was growing with 91 seats in 1874
- catholic strongest in the south which was last to unify
- WHAT?
- catholic schools came under state control
- priests had to train in Germany
- births, marriages and deaths had to be registered by the state not the church
- attack started in 1972 but increased in 1873 with May/Falk Laws
- RESULTS
- centre party grew with 94 seats in 1878
- conservatives and protestants were angry as saw it as anti-religious
- Bismarck wanted better relations with catholic Austria
- new Pope
- socialism now bigger threat
- WHY?
- The Great Change
- Catholics --> Socialists
- Liberals --> Centre
- Free Trade --> Protectionism
- Bismarck's Fall
- Wilhelm II wanted more personal rule
- Bismarck and Wilhelm fell out as B wanted more anti-socialist laws but W wanted to be king of people
- fell out over whether they should have closer ties with Russia or Austria
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