German Society Groups 28.11.22
- Created by: mollycha
- Created on: 22-11-22 13:16
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- German Society Groups: 18171-1918
- working class
- not unified because gender divide in employment with women
- problems between religions Protestant vs Catholic and Skilled vs Unskilled
- WC life= overcrowded, dependent on children's incomes, most of wages spent on food, died earlier than rich
- lockouts very common:1910 250,000 workers were victims of 1000 lockouts
- strikes increased: 200,000 workers on average annually from 1905-13
- 1914= 3 million TU members
- SPD had 1 mil members and was largest socialist group in world
- little social mobility: couldn't afford expensive education so sent kids to work instead
- not unified because gender divide in employment with women
- Bourgeoisie
- were main beneficiaries of industrialisation: Krupps who became an elite
- doctors, professors,lawyers became increasingly wealthy and could afford holidays
- some tried to marry Junkers but rare
- elites
- elites and bourgeoisie both feared organised labour as it threatened domestic stability
- wilhelmine period was golden age for elites
- prominent within society: people respected social hierachy
- prussian ministers/Junkers dominated political scene and protected their own interests
- lower middle class
- white collar workers (clerks, civil servants, small shopkeepers)
- paid more than WC and had higher aspirations for kids
- university enrolments from 23,000 in 1875 to 72,000 in 1912
- women
- most WC women had to work to support their families
- 1.25mil female domestic servants by 1907 which was the same as 1882
- more women in clerical and industrial jobs
- abortion was illegal
- single MC women could train as teachers and by 1899 women could get medical qulifiications
- remained inferior on law to husband = legal guardian of wife
- few went to university
- double standard in sexual morality
- by 1914= females were more publicly active in work, politics =mainly MC women with opportunities
- military
- had important place in society due to role in unification
- prussian dominance
- oath of personal loyalty to Kaiser not the state
- conscription was 3 years until it was reduced to 2 in 1893
- working class
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