explanations of gender
- Created by: joyfleming12
- Created on: 14-01-18 17:03
View mindmap
- GENDER EXPLANATION
- COGNITIVE
- Kholberg's gender constancy theory
- gender stability: knows own gender stays the same but doesn't know others does. confusion over external app.
- gender constancy: knows gender is same across time & situation. complete understanding of gender.
- gender identity: knows own gender & label others on outward app only
- Kholberg proposed children go through 3 gender stages: identity, stability and constancy
- Martin and Halverson - gender schema
- suggests understanding of gender increases with age (biological maturation)
- supporting evidence: bruce brenda david/david reimer
- longitudinal study: collected lots of qualitative data
- researcher bias: Dr Money was too involved in the study
- extremely unethical
- supporting evidence: bruce brenda david/david reimer
- children actively search for role models
- once a child knows their gender identity they search for how to behave - form a schema
- in group - out group: look for info to support ingroup, ignore inconsistent stuff
- suggests understanding of gender increases with age (biological maturation)
- Kholberg's gender constancy theory
- BIOLOGICAL
- sex and gender are the same. born with hormones, chromosomes, internal external genetalia that is your sex/gender
- chromosomes determine our sex and gender. Y chromosome stimulates SRY gene which leads to testost. being released.
- sex and gender are the same. born with hormones, chromosomes, internal external genetalia that is your sex/gender
- PSYCHODY-NAMIC
- children are bisexual until they go through the phallic stage
- boy is jealous of father due to having sexual feelings towards his mother. he then identifies with his father and develops a male gender identity.
- evaluation
- based on a nuclear family but single parents/ same sex families still raise normal children.
- lacks scientific rigour
- girl is jealous of father for having a penis. she thinks her mother castrated her. eventually internalises with her & develops a female gender identity.
- SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
- gender is learnt from observing others. emphasis on nurture
- children watch role models to learn gender approprite behaviours. they model the behaviour that they observed.
- evaluations
- smith and lloyd: dressed 4-6 m/o in random gender clothing. adults actively played with boys and girls played with passively. parents reinforce stereotypes,
- perry and bussey: showed children a video were woman picked banana and man picked orange. more likely to pick same fruit as same sex.
- can explain androgyny today
- COGNITIVE
- sex and gender are the same. born with hormones, chromosomes, internal external genetalia that is your sex/gender
- chromosomes determine our sex and gender. Y chromosome stimulates SRY gene which leads to testost. being released.
Comments
No comments have yet been made