gas exchange in plants and insects
- Created by: Margaret Hobart
- Created on: 10-05-21 08:47
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- gas exchange
- single-celled organisms
- large SA:VOL ratio
- diffusion is adequate
- insects
- 1. air moves into trachea through pores on the surface called spiracles
- 2. O2 moves down concentration gradient towards cells
- 3. the trachea branches into tracheoles which have thin, permeable walls and go to individual cells
- 4. CO2 from cells moves down concentration gradient towards spiracles to be released into atmosphere
- short diffusion distance
- at rest fluid fills end of tracheoles
- diffusion is faster because reduced SA contact with cells
- un flight muscles produces lactic acid which lowers water potential inside cells
- 3. the trachea branches into tracheoles which have thin, permeable walls and go to individual cells
- 2. O2 moves down concentration gradient towards cells
- use rhythmic abdominal movements to move air in a dn to of the spiracles
- spiracles can be opened and closed
- muscles contraction allows air to be pushed in and out
- 1. air moves into trachea through pores on the surface called spiracles
- fish
- each gill is made up of thin plates called gill filaments
- covered in lots of lamellea
- large SA
- lots of capillaries and thin layer of cells
- speeds up difusion
- covered in lots of lamellea
- countercurrent flow
- Blood and water flow in opposite directions
- Oxygen diffusion gradient maintained over whole length of lamellae
- more oxygen diffusiion
- Oxygen diffusion gradient maintained over whole length of lamellae
- Blood and water flow in opposite directions
- each gill is made up of thin plates called gill filaments
- plants
- dicotyledonous
- leaves are the site of gas exchange
- stomata are holes in the leaf epidermis which take in CO2 and give out O2
- many
- guard cells control opening and closing
- plants lose water
- palisade mesophyll cells are where most photosynthesis takes place
- xerophytes
- stomata in pits
- thick waxy cuticle
- reduce evaporation
- hairy or rolled up leaves
- no stomata on outside
- protects from wind
- no stomata on outside
- dicotyledonous
- single-celled organisms
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