CARBON - Future predictions

?
View mindmap
  • future Predictions
    • The International Energy Agency estimates FF'S to remain the dominant energy source into 2030 (84%). NATURAL GAS will double, and OIL BARRELS must increase by 1.4 bil barrels a day to meet demands.
      • It is predicted that Russia and the Middle East will be relied on more.
    • Sir Nicholas Stern - "Climate change will cost the world 5-20% of world GDP".
      • More extreme weather events and natural disasters
      • a 2-3*C rise may reduce economic output by 3% due to reduction of crop yield. a 5*C rise means a 10% reduction - poorer countries find it hard to cope
    • Ways to improve the future:
      • Carbon Credits - each country can only release a certain amount of C
      • Carbon Trading - if credits are not all used up- can be traded
      • Green Taxation - tax increased on services not carbon-friendly
      • Low Carbon Homes - High energy efficiency (such as insulation)
      • Smart metres - measure energy output per appliance
      • Hybrid/ electricity cars - powered by H fuel cells or electricity or a mixture with petrol
    • POSITIVE feedback: Enhanced greenhouse effect; may destabilise system and may not be in equilibrium.
      • Permafrost melting - released CO2 and CH4.
      • Melting of sea ice - reduces albedo and increases heat of water - OCEAN WARMING (releases dissolved CO2).
      • Reduced precipitation (resulting from deforestation)
    • NEGATIVE feedback: maintains a stable state

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Geography resources:

See all Geography resources »See all Energy sources and security resources »