Experimental Designs
- Created by: kayleighrowe24
- Created on: 10-04-17 17:47
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- Experimental designs.
- The way in which participation in an experiment is organised. participants can perform in only one or all of the levels of the IV
- Repeated Measures
- Each participant performs in every level of the IV
- Strengths
- individual differences are unlikely to distort the effect of the IV as participants do both evels
- counterbalancing reduces order effects
- blind procedures reduce demand characteristics
- Weaknesses
- order effects and extraneous variables may distort the results
- participants see the experimental task more than once, increasing exposure to demand characteristics
- independent groups
- different groups of participants are used in each level of IV
- Strengths
- different participants are used in each level of the IV so no effects
- participants only see the experimental tasks once, reducing exposure to demand characteristics
- the effects of individual differences can be reduced by random allocation to levels of the IV
- Weaknesses
- individual differences may distort results if participants in one level of the IV differ from those in another.
- more participants are needed than with repeated measures (may be less ethical or hard to find)
- matched pairs
- participants are arranged into pairs that are similar in important ways for the study and one member of each pair performs in each level of the IV
- strengths
- no order effects
- controls for individual differences e.g. identical twins are excellent for matched pairs
- Weaknesses
- the similarity between pairs is limited by the matching process, which might be flawed
- matching participants is time consuming and difficult.
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