Essentialism and regenerationism
- Created by: Julia
- Created on: 17-05-19 15:39
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- Essentialism & Regenerationism
- Definition
- Essentialism - women's natural and correct essence was to be a mother, in domestic sphere
- Regenerationism - regeneration of Spain to a new nation following war
- Change of national identity - change of women's identity too?
- What is for the nation's best interest?
- Change of national identity - change of women's identity too?
- Pre 1900s
- Set of knowledge and skills assigned to each gender
- Emilia Pardo Bazan, 1890
- Women sent to work in factories, replace men
- Essentialism dominated
- Fear of change
- Set of knowledge and skills assigned to each gender
- Second Republic 1931-39
- First step away from essentialism
- New constitutional laws: vote, labour reforms, secretary exams, associaciones obreras
- Possibility of women being political and a mother
- La ciudadania republicana
- Possibility of women being political and a mother
- Women shouldn't lose their beauty: Maranon 1934
- Mentalities didn't change with legislation
- No need to modernise
- Civil War 1936-39
- Essential for political change
- Upheaval of traditional norms
- Women sent to work in factories, replace men
- Baroja works as nurse
- "La miliciana" women could be strong, take part in war effort
- Also mothers sacrificing/mourning loss of children
- Duty as wives and mothers to take care of families
- "Quien vestiria a nuestros milicianos, soldados y marineros? Quien les preparia la comida? Quien cuidaria a sus hijos?"
- "las mujeres se hallan ya tan sometidos al hombre como en cualquier pais burgues"
- High mortality - needed to have babies
- Franco 1939-75
- Women returned to domestic sphere
- Propaganda eg Cocina Corcho ad - la felicidad domestica
- Lessons about diet and cooking
- Step backwards for women
- Women returned to domestic sphere
- Propaganda eg Cocina Corcho ad - la felicidad domestica
- Lessons about diet and cooking
- Women returned to domestic sphere
- Married women practically banned from work
- Seccion Femenina 1934
- Participation in political activities, teaching
- Taught they were inferior sex and belonged in home
- 1961 law - equal working/political rights
- Not allowed to work in army or in dangerous jobs
- Women returned to domestic sphere
- Transition to democracy 1975-1992
- 1978 constitutional law = equality
- no discrimination, authorities had to facilitate equal participation
- 1975 first feminist day
- Freedom of speech
- Vindicaciion feminista 1976-9
- 1978 constitutional law = equality
- Definition
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