Enzymes
- Created by: GraceLong
- Created on: 01-05-16 13:37
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- Enzymes
- Lock and Key
- Once the substrate molecule is attached, the active site turns it to product
- Each enzyme has unique pattern of amino acids therefore they are all different shapes
- The active site of an enzyme is a specific shape for a substrate molecule making it specific for a reaction
- The enzyme is the lock and the substrate is the key
- Optimum conditions
- As pH increases, the rate of reaction increases until it reaches the optimum pH. Above the optimum pH, the rate of reaction falls to zero and the enzymes don't catalyse
- In an enzyme-catalysed reaction, substrate molecules are turned into product material
- The proteins speed up reactions within many cells e.g. respiration
- As the temperature increases from 0 the rate of reaction increases. At the optimum the rate of reaction reaches a maximum; after the optimum, the rate of reaction falls to zero
- Denaturing
- Extreme pH can distort the molecule and the substrate doesn't fit into the active site and the enzyme stops working
- Denature can occur because of high temperatures - the enzyme gains energy, more collisions occur and above the optimum it denatures permanently
- When the shape changes, it can no longer catalyse the reaction because the substrate doesn't fit into the active site
- Lock and Key
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