Perspectives on Education (Topic 1)

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  • Created by: lou9119
  • Created on: 22-05-17 15:05
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  • Education
    • Functionalism
      • Important agency for socialisation. Creates a value consensus, social harmony and social cohesion. Prepares children for a rapidly changing society.
      • Functions of Education:
        • 1) Passing on society's culture and building social solidarity.
        • 2) Providing a bridge between the family and society.
        • 3) Developing human capital - a trained and qualified labour force.
        • 4) Allocating roles in a meritocratic society and legitimising inequality.
    • New Right
      • Education should be concerned with training a work force, it should socialize young people into collective values and ensure a stable society.
      • Chubb and Moe argue there should be a free market in education. They believe in the marketisation of education.
    • Marxist
      • Education is a means of social control, encouraging conformity. The education system reproduces existing social class inequalities
      • Althusser: education as an ideological state apparatus.
        • Main role of education in a capitalist society is the reproduction of an efficient and obedient labour force.
          • THE REPRODUCTION OF NECESSARY TECHNICAL SKILLS
          • THE REPRODUCTION OF RULING CLASS IDEOLOGY  AND THE FALSE CLASS CONSCIOUSNESS.
        • To prevent working class rebellion he ruling class must persuade them through a number of ideological state apparatuses.
      • Bordeiu and the reproduction of class inequaliies.
        • He regards the key role of education as justifying class inequality and reproducing class structure.
        • Each social class contains its own set of ideas and culture he calls a HABITUS; this is picked up through the socialization in the family.
      • Willis.
        • 12 working class 'lads'  study in the 70s . They developed an anti-school subculture. They attached little value to education and wanted to get into a labour job as soon as  possible.
        • His research suggests that schools are not directly preparing this labour force, they actively reject higher class values and jobs to enter semi-skilled or unskilled work.
    • Vocational Education and Human Capital
      • Functionalists and New Right believe this benefits the economy.
        • Marxists see this as  a second-rate education for those from w/c class backgrounds.
      • Focus on improving he quality of basic-skills and ending status division between academic and vocational qualifications.
      • Measures to achieve this:
        • Work experience programmes for students.
        • Post-16 ed and training.
        • Stronger emphasis on key skills
      • Work experience is sign as involving little development in skills. Often seen as having lower status and have stigma attached to them. It is under-valued and may never lead to high careers.

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