Nucleotides
- Created by: ErinRuby
- Created on: 09-03-16 09:08
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- Nucleotides
- Biological molecules that participate in nearly all biochemical processes
- Made from 3 different parts: phosphate, dexyribose and an organic base
- 4 bases of DNA: adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine
- Made from 3 different parts: phosphate, dexyribose and an organic base
- Phosphate esters of pentose sugars
- A nitrogenous base is linked to the C1 of the sugar residue
- By covalent bonds formed by condensation reactions
- A phosphate group is either linked to the C5 or C3 of the sugar residue
- By covalent bonds formed by condensation reactions
- A nitrogenous base is linked to the C1 of the sugar residue
- Form the MONOMERS of nucleic acids, DNA and RNA
- RNA: pentose sugar = ribose
- DNA: pentose sugar = deoxyribose
- Become phosphorylat-ed nucleotides when they contain more than one phospate group
- E.g. ADP (adenosine diphosphate)
- E.g. ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
- An energy-rich end-product of most energy-releasing biochemical pathways
- Used to drive most energy-requiring metabolic processed in cells
- Help regulate many metabolic pathways
- E.g. by ATP, ADP and AMP (adensosine monophosph-ate)
- May be components of many coenzymes
- Adenine nucleotides are components of various coenzymes
- E.g. NADP (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) which is used in photosynthes-is
- E.g. NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) which is used in respiration
- E.g. FAD (flavine adenine dinucleotide) and coenzyme A (both involved in respiration)
- Adenine nucleotides are components of various coenzymes
- Biological molecules that participate in nearly all biochemical processes
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