Chemistry AS DF 12.1, 12.2, 12,3 DF3
- Created by: A.B.
- Created on: 30-11-13 14:47
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- DF Alkanes and other Hydrocarbons CI 12.1, 12.2, 12.3 DF3
- Crude Oil
- Mixture of hundreds of different hydrocarbons
- Hydrocarbons are compounds of carbon and hydrogen.
- Separated into fractions by the process of fractional distillation.
- Mixture of hundreds of different hydrocarbons
- Open-chain alkanes
- Have the general formula
- Name ends in -ane
- Are saturated - all single bonds
- Are aliphatic - they have no ring structures
- Naming alkanes
- Choose the longest chain and name it
- Use prefixes in alphabetical order for any alkyl side chains. Use di, tri, tetra if the side chains are identical
- Show the position of any side chain by using numbers which are as low as possible
- Comma between numbers and a hyphen between a number and letter
- Show the position of any side chain by using numbers which are as low as possible
- Use prefixes in alphabetical order for any alkyl side chains. Use di, tri, tetra if the side chains are identical
- Choose the longest chain and name it
- Burning alkanes
- Complete combustion to produce carbon dioxide and water
- Other hydrocarbons
- Cycloalkanes
- General formula
- Name ends in -ane
- Are saturated
- Are not aromatic - do not have a benzene ring
- Alkenes
- General Formula
- Name ends in -ene
- Are unsaturated - there are one or more double bonds between carbon atoms in a molecule.
- Are aliphatic - do not have ring structures.
- Are aromatic - they have one or more benzene rings in their structure
- Arenes
- Name ends in -ene
- Saturated
- Aromatic 0 one or more benzene rings in their structure
- Cycloalkanes
- Crude Oil
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