Crime and Punishment - 18th and 19th century England
- Created by: Cannp
- Created on: 29-05-19 10:57
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- Crimes
- 18th and 19th century britain
- Law Enforcement
- The Bow Street Runners
- Established in London in 1749 by Henry Fielding to try to tackle the huge crime wave of 17th-century London
- Metropolitan Police Act (1829)
- Began Britain's first professional police force
- The detective department set up at the Metropolitan police headquarters (1842)
- 1856 Police Act
- forced all towns and countries to set up a professional police force
- The Bow Street Runners
- Robert Peel
- Set up the prison reforms
- Set up the Metropolitan police
- Law Enforcement
- Crimes against authority
- Secret Oaths
- The tolpuddle martyrs
- they had set up a trade union and were later arrested for taking a secret oath
- The tolpuddle martyrs
- Witchcraft
- After the civil war the number of witchcraft declined. All laws concerning witchcraft were appealed by the Witchcraft Act of 1736
- Secret Oaths
- Crimes against the person and property
- Poaching
- increased in the 18th century with poaching gangs that worked on a large scale,
- led to the 1723 Waltham Black Act which made poaching a crime
- increased in the 18th century with poaching gangs that worked on a large scale,
- Smuggling
- Highway robbery
- Highway robbery increased in the 18th century because of
- improved roads led to more people travelling
- Increased trade between towns meant more godds and money were transported by road
- many roads were isolated making it easy to get away with highway robbery
- Highway robbery increased in the 18th century because of
- smuggling increased from 1740-1850 because the tax on imported goods was high
- Smugglers made large profits by bringing these goods into the country without paying tax and selling them on
- Highway robbery
- Poaching
- 18th and 19th century britain
- Prisons and prison reformers
- Changing views on punishments
- Transportation to Australia
- The increase in crime rate increased transportation to Australia
- Most stayed in Australia once their sentence ended as they couldn't afford the fare home
- The increase in crime rate increased transportation to Australia
- Transportation to Australia
- many thought prison conditions shhould be poor with hard labour, but several reformers believed prisons should be improved to increase the likelihood of rehabilitation
- Jon Howard
- his work led to 17774 Goal Act which suggested how health and sanitation could be improved
- Elizabeth Fry
- she set up education classes to reform female prisons
- Jon Howard
- Changing views on punishments
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