Cognitive Explanations Of Gender Development - Gender Schema Theory
- Created by: Camay
- Created on: 31-03-19 14:52
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- Gender Schema Theory - Martin and Halverson
- Gender schemas
- Packages of information that we gain from the world around us about what behaviour is appropriate for our gender
- Ingroup and Outgroup schemas
- Ingroup
- The group in which a person identifies, e.g. girls with other girls. This gives them a positive view of their ingroup and a negative view of the outgroup
- Outgroup
- The group in which a person doesn't identify with, e.g. boys with girls
- Ingroup
- Resilience of gender beliefs
- Children hold a fixed attitude of gender appropriate behaviour and ignore behaviour that is not consistent with that
- AO3 - Research Support by Martin and Halverson
- Children under 6 asked to recall pictures of gender consistent (male firefighters, female nurses) and inconsistent behaviours (female body builders, male nurses)
- Greater recall to consistent behaviours, suggests children payed better attention to behaviour consistent with their gender schemas
- Children under 6 asked to recall pictures of gender consistent (male firefighters, female nurses) and inconsistent behaviours (female body builders, male nurses)
- AO3 - Research Support by Bradbard et al.
- Children aged 4-9 shown gender neutral items (pizza cutter, fire alarm) and told they were boy or girl items
- Boys paid better attention to 'girl' items and boys paid better attention to 'boy' items. Paid better attention to their ingroup
- Children aged 4-9 shown gender neutral items (pizza cutter, fire alarm) and told they were boy or girl items
- AO3 - Research Support by Martin and Halverson
- Children hold a fixed attitude of gender appropriate behaviour and ignore behaviour that is not consistent with that
- They suggested that children acquire gender relevant information before the gender constancy stage
- AO3 - Contradictory evidence by Zosuls et al.
- Recorded samples on children playing and found that their language showed they started identifying themselves as a boy/girl by the age of 19 months
- Much earlier than Martin and Halverson suggested
- Recorded samples on children playing and found that their language showed they started identifying themselves as a boy/girl by the age of 19 months
- AO3 - Contradictory evidence by Zosuls et al.
- Gender schemas
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