Coastal Management
Mindmap for coastal management
- Created by: emily_w
- Created on: 22-04-14 17:33
View mindmap
- Coastal Management
- Types of hard engineering
- Groynes
- long wood/stone structures that stop longshore drift
- £2000 per groyne
- Advantages: bigger beach, people can fish off them and not too expensive
- Disadvantages: increase erosion elsewhere and unattractive
- Sea wall
- concrete/rock barrier on top of cliff
- Costs £2000 per metre
- Advantages: Very effective and act as walkway
- Disadvantages: doesn't look natural, expensive and high maintenance
- Rock armour
- barges bring boulders which are dumped at bottom of cliff, absorb wave energy
- Costs £300 per metre
- Advantages: cheap and good for fishing
- Disadvantages: ugly, expensive and difficult to transport, does not fit with geology
- Gabions
- rocks/boulders held in wire mesh
- costs £100 per metre
- Advantages: cheap, works with vegetation, can be used for landscaping
- Disadvantages: not very strong and may not fit with geology
- Groynes
- Types of soft engineering
- Managed retreat
- build new sea defences further inland after abandoning old ones
- cost=original defence material+cost of land flooded
- Advantages: creates salt marshes and reduces flooding in some areas
- Disadvantages: people lose land, homes and business; money spent on original defence wasted
- Salt marsh creation
- low coast areas flooded to become salt marshes
- Costs £5000-10,000 per hectare
- Advantages: cheap, creates habitats
- Disadvantages: need to compensate for land loss
- Dune regeneration
- Fence off dunes and plant Marran grass to stabilise
- Costs £2000 per 100m
- Advantages: cheap and maintains natural environment
- Disadvantages: Time consuming, people may trespass, damaged by storms
- Beach nourishment
- add sand/shingle to beach to make it higher
- costs £3000 per metre
- Advantages: cheap and easy to maintain, increase tourist potential
- Disadvantages: needs near constant maintenance
- Managed retreat
- Coastal management plans
- Hold the line
- keep up and improve existing defences
- Advance the line
- build new, higher, better defences and only protect vulnerable land
- No intervention
- Don't do anything and let nature take its course.
- Erosion happens but land is built up elsewhere
- Hold the line
- Hard engineering: For and against
- For
- Save local homes/ businesses
- Tourism industry preserved
- Politicians gain support by saving beaches
- Against
- Taxpayers who don't live on coast have to pay
- Habitats damaged
- People living downdrift lose beach
- For
- Types of hard engineering
- Advantages: bigger beach, people can fish off them and not too expensive
- costs £3000 per metre
- Politicians gain support by saving beaches
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